1 Kings 14 (NET)

1 1

At that time Jeroboam’s son Abijah became sick. 2 Jeroboam told his wife, “Disguise2 yourself so that people cannot recognize you are Jeroboam’s wife. Then go to Shiloh; Ahijah the prophet, who told me I would rule over this nation, lives there.3 3 Take4 ten loaves of bread, some small cakes, and a container of honey and visit him. He will tell you what will happen to the boy.”

4 Jeroboam’s wife did as she was told. She went to Shiloh and visited Ahijah.5 Now Ahijah could not see; he had lost his eyesight in his old age.6 5 But the Lord had told Ahijah, “Look, Jeroboam’s wife is coming to find out from you what will happen to her son, for he is sick. Tell her so-and-so.7 When she comes, she will be in a disguise.” 6 When Ahijah heard the sound of her footsteps as she came through the door, he said, “Come on in, wife of Jeroboam! Why are you pretending to be someone else? I have been commissioned to give you bad news.8 7 Go, tell Jeroboam, ‘This is what the Lord God of Israel says: “I raised you up9 from among the people and made you ruler over my people Israel. 8 I tore the kingdom away from the Davidic dynasty and gave it to you. But you are not like my servant David, who kept my commandments and followed me wholeheartedly by doing only what I approve.10 9 You have sinned more than all who came before you. You went and angered me by making other gods, formed out of metal; you have completely disregarded me.11 10 So I am ready to bring disaster12 on the dynasty13 of Jeroboam. I will cut off every last male belonging to Jeroboam in Israel, including even the weak and incapacitated.14 I will burn up the dynasty of Jeroboam, just as one burns manure until it is completely consumed.15 11 Dogs will eat the members of your family16 who die in the city, and the birds of the sky will eat the ones who die in the country.”’ Indeed, the Lord has announced it!

12 “As for you, get up and go home. When you set foot in the city, the boy will die. 13 All Israel will mourn him and bury him. He is the only one in Jeroboam’s family17 who will receive a decent burial, for he is the only one in whom the Lord God of Israel found anything good. 14 The Lord will raise up a king over Israel who will cut off Jeroboam’s dynasty.18 It is ready to happen!19 15 The Lord will attack Israel, making it like a reed that sways in the water.20 He will remove Israel from this good land he gave to their ancestors21 and scatter them beyond the Euphrates River,22 because they angered the Lord by making Asherah poles.23 16 He will hand Israel over to their enemies24 because of the sins which Jeroboam committed and which he made Israel commit.”

17 So Jeroboam’s wife got up and went back to25 Tirzah. As she crossed the threshold of the house, the boy died. 18 All Israel buried him and mourned for him, just as the Lord had predicted26 through his servant the prophet Ahijah.

Jeroboam’s Reign Ends

19 The rest of the events of Jeroboam’s reign, including the details of his battles and rule, are recorded in the scroll called the Annals of the Kings of Israel.27 20 Jeroboam ruled for twenty-two years; then he passed away.28 His son Nadab replaced him as king.

Rehoboam’s Reign over Judah

21 Now Rehoboam son of Solomon ruled in Judah. He29 was forty-one years old when he became king and he ruled for seventeen years in Jerusalem,30 the city the Lord chose from all the tribes of Israel to be his home.31 His mother was an Ammonite woman32 named Naamah.

22 Judah did evil in the sight of33 the Lord. They made him more jealous by their sins than their ancestors had done.34 23 They even built for themselves high places, sacred pillars, and Asherah poles on every high hill and under every green tree. 24 There were also male cultic prostitutes35 in the land. They committed the same horrible sins as the nations36 that the Lord had driven out from before the Israelites.

25 In King Rehoboam’s fifth year, King Shishak of Egypt attacked Jerusalem. 26 He took away the treasures of the Lord’s temple and of the royal palace; he took everything, including all the golden shields that Solomon had made. 27 King Rehoboam made bronze shields to replace them and assigned them to the officers of the royal guard37 who protected the entrance to the royal palace. 28 Whenever the king visited the Lord’s temple, the royal guard carried them and then brought them back to the guardroom.

29 The rest of the events of Rehoboam’s reign, including his accomplishments, are recorded in the scroll called the Annals of the Kings of Judah.38 30 Rehoboam and Jeroboam were continually at war with each other. 31 Rehoboam passed away39 and was buried with his ancestors in the city of David. His mother was an Ammonite named Naamah. His son Abijah40 replaced him as king.

114:1tc Some mss of the Old Greek lack vv. 1-20. 214:2tn Heb “Get up, change yourself.” 314:2tn Heb “look, Ahijah the prophet is there, he told me [I would be] king over this nation.” 414:3tn Heb “take in your hand.” 514:4tn Heb “and the wife of Jeroboam did so; she arose and went to Shiloh and entered the house of Ahijah.” 614:4tn Heb “his eyes were set because of his old age.” 714:5sn Tell her so-and-so. Certainly the Lord gave Ahijah a specific message to give to Jeroboam’s wife (see vv. 6-16), but the author of Kings here condenses the Lord’s message with the words “so-and-so.” For dramatic effect he prefers to have us hear the message from Ahijah’s lips as he speaks to the king’s wife. 814:6tn Heb “I am sent to you [with] a hard [message].” 914:7tn The Hebrew text has “because” at the beginning of the sentence. In the Hebrew text vv. 7-11 are one long sentence comprised of a causal clause giving the reason for divine punishment (vv. 7-9) and the main clause announcing the punishment (vv. 10-11). The translation divides this lengthy sentence for stylistic reasons. 1014:8tn Heb “what was right in my eyes.” 1114:9tn Heb “you went and you made for yourself other gods, metal [ones], angering me, and you threw me behind your back.” 1214:10sn Disaster. There is a wordplay in the Hebrew text. The word translated “disaster” (רָעָה, ra’ah) is from the same root as the expression “you have sinned” in v. 9 (וַתָּרַע [vattara’], from רָעַע, [ra’a’]). Jeroboam’s sins would receive an appropriate punishment. 1314:10tn Heb “house.” 1414:10tn Heb “and I will cut off from Jeroboam those who urinate against a wall (including both those who are) restrained and let free (or “abandoned”) in Israel.” The precise meaning of the idiomatic phrase עָצוּר וְעָזוּב (’atsur vÿ’azuv) is uncertain. For various options see HALOT 871 s.v. עצר 6 and M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 107. The two terms are usually taken as polar opposites (“slaves and freemen” or “minors and adults”), but Cogan and Tadmor, on the basis of contextual considerations (note the usage with אֶפֶס [’efes], “nothing but”) in Deut 32:36 and 2 Kgs 14:26, argue convincingly that the terms are synonyms, meaning “restrained and abandoned,” and refer to incapable or incapacitated individuals. 1514:10tn The traditional view understands the verb בָּעַר (ba’ar) to mean “burn.” Manure was sometimes used as fuel (see Ezek 4:12, 15). However, an alternate view takes בָּעַר as a homonym meaning “sweep away” (HALOT 146 s.v. II בער). In this case one might translate, “I will sweep away the dynasty of Jeroboam, just as one sweeps away manure it is gone” (cf. ASV, NASB, TEV). Either metaphor emphasizes the thorough and destructive nature of the coming judgment. 1614:11tn The Hebrew text has “belonging to Jeroboam” here. 1714:13tn Heb “house.” 1814:14tn Heb “house.” 1914:14tn Heb “This is the day. What also now?” The precise meaning of the second half of the statement is uncertain. 2014:15tn The elliptical Hebrew text reads literally “and the Lord will strike Israel as a reed sways in the water.” 2114:15tn Heb “fathers” (also in vv. 22, 31). 2214:15tn Heb “the River.” In biblical Hebrew this is a typical reference to the Euphrates River. The name “Euphrates” has been supplied in the translation for clarity. 2314:15tn Heb “because they made their Asherah poles that anger the Lord”; or “their images of Asherah”; ASV, NASB “their Asherim”; NCV “they set up idols to worship Asherah.”sn Asherah was a leading deity of the Canaanite pantheon, wife/sister of El and goddess of fertility. She was commonly worshiped at shrines in or near groves of evergreen trees, or, failing that, at places marked by wooden poles. These were to be burned or cut down (Deut 12:3; 16:21; Judg 6:25, 28, 30; 2 Kgs 18:4). 2414:16tn Heb “and he will give [up] Israel.” 2514:17tn Heb “went and entered.” 2614:18tn Heb “according to the word of the Lord which he spoke.” 2714:19tn Heb “As for the rest of the events of Jeroboam, how he fought and how he ruled, are they not written on the scroll of the events of the days of the kings of Israel?” 2814:20tn Heb “lay down with his fathers.” 2914:21tn Heb “Rehoboam.” The proper name has been replaced by the pronoun (“he”) in the translation for stylistic reasons. 3014:21map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4. 3114:21tn Heb “the city where the Lord chose to place his name from all the tribes of Israel.” 3214:21tn Heb “an Ammonite”; the word “woman” is implied. 3314:22tn Heb “in the eyes of.” 3414:22tn Heb “and they made him jealous more than all which their fathers had done by their sins which they sinned.” 3514:24tc The Old Greek translation has “a conspiracy” rather than “male cultic prostitutes.” 3614:24tn Heb “they did according to all the abominable acts of the nations.” 3714:27tn Heb “runners.” 3814:29tn Heb “As for the rest of the events of Rehoboam, and all which he did, are they not written on the scroll of the events of the days of the kings of Judah?” 3914:31tn Heb “lay down with his fathers.” 4014:31tn In the Hebrew text the name is spelled “Abijam” here and in 1 Kgs 15:1-8.