Genesis 24 (NET)

The Wife for Isaac

1 Now Abraham was old, well advanced in years,1 and the Lord had blessed him2 in everything. 2 Abraham said to his servant, the senior one3 in his household who was in charge of everything he had, “Put your hand under my thigh4 3 so that I may make you solemnly promise5 by the Lord, the God of heaven and the God of the earth: You must not acquire6 a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I am living. 4 You must go instead to my country and to my relatives7 to find8 a wife for my son Isaac.”

5 The servant asked him, “What if the woman is not willing to come back with me9 to this land? Must I then10 take your son back to the land from which you came?”

6 “Be careful11 never to take my son back there!” Abraham told him.12 7 “The Lord, the God of heaven, who took me from my father’s house and the land of my relatives,13 promised me with a solemn oath,14 ‘To your descendants I will give this land.’ He will send his angel15 before you so that you may find16 a wife for my son from there. 8 But if the woman is not willing to come back with you,17 you will be free18 from this oath of mine. But you must not take my son back there!” 9 So the servant placed his hand under the thigh of his master Abraham and gave his solemn promise he would carry out his wishes.19

10 Then the servant took ten of his master’s camels and departed with all kinds of gifts from his master at his disposal.20 He journeyed21 to the region of Aram Naharaim22 and the city of Nahor. 11 He made the camels kneel down by the well23 outside the city. It was evening,24 the time when the women would go out to draw water. 12 He prayed, “O Lord, God of my master Abraham, guide me today.25 Be faithful26 to my master Abraham. 13 Here I am, standing by the spring,27 and the daughters of the people28 who live in the town are coming out to draw water. 14 I will say to a young woman, ‘Please lower your jar so I may drink.’ May the one you have chosen for your servant Isaac reply, ‘Drink, and I’ll give your camels water too.’29 In this way I will know that you have been faithful to my master.”30

15 Before he had finished praying, there came Rebekah31 with her water jug on her shoulder. She was the daughter of Bethuel son of Milcah (Milcah was the wife of Abraham’s brother Nahor).32 16 Now the young woman was very beautiful. She was a virgin; no man had ever had sexual relations with her.33 She went down to the spring, filled her jug, and came back up. 17 Abraham’s servant34 ran to meet her and said, “Please give me a sip of water from your jug.” 18 “Drink, my lord,” she replied, and quickly lowering35 her jug to her hands, she gave him a drink. 19 When she had done so,36 she said, “I’ll draw water for your camels too, until they have drunk as much as they want.” 20 She quickly emptied37 her jug into the watering trough and ran back to the well to draw more water until she had drawn enough for all his camels. 21 Silently the man watched her with interest to determine38 if the Lord had made his journey successful39 or not.

22 After the camels had finished drinking, the man took out a gold nose ring weighing a beka40 and two gold bracelets weighing ten shekels41 and gave them to her.42 23 “Whose daughter are you?” he asked.43 “Tell me, is there room in your father’s house for us to spend the night?”

24 She said to him, “I am the daughter of Bethuel the son of Milcah, whom Milcah bore to Nahor.44 25 We have plenty of straw and feed,” she added,45 “and room for you46 to spend the night.”

26 The man bowed his head and worshiped the Lord, 27 saying “Praised be the Lord, the God of my master Abraham, who has not abandoned his faithful love47 for my master! The Lord has led me48 to the house49 of my master’s relatives!”50

28 The young woman ran and told her mother’s household all about51 these things. 29 (Now Rebekah had a brother named Laban.)52 Laban rushed out to meet the man at the spring. 30 When he saw the bracelets on his sister’s wrists and the nose ring53 and heard his sister Rebekah say,54 “This is what the man said to me,” he went out to meet the man. There he was, standing55 by the camels near the spring. 31 Laban said to him,56 “Come, you who are blessed by the Lord!57 Why are you standing out here when I have prepared58 the house and a place for the camels?”

32 So Abraham’s servant59 went to the house and unloaded60 the camels. Straw and feed were given61 to the camels, and water was provided so that he and the men who were with him could wash their feet.62 33 When food was served,63 he said, “I will not eat until I have said what I want to say.”64 “Tell us,” Laban said.65

34 “I am the servant of Abraham,” he began. 35 “The Lord has richly blessed my master and he has become very wealthy.66 The Lord67 has given him sheep and cattle, silver and gold, male and female servants, and camels and donkeys. 36 My master’s wife Sarah bore a son to him68 when she was old,69 and my master70 has given him everything he owns. 37 My master made me swear an oath. He said, ‘You must not acquire a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I am living, 38 but you must go to the family of my father and to my relatives to find71 a wife for my son.’ 39 But I said to my master, ‘What if the woman does not want to go72 with me?’73 40 He answered, ‘The Lord, before whom I have walked,74 will send his angel with you. He will make your journey a success and you will find a wife for my son from among my relatives, from my father’s family. 41 You will be free from your oath75 if you go to my relatives and they will not give her to you. Then you will be free from your oath.’ 42 When I came to the spring today, I prayed, ‘O Lord, God of my master Abraham, if you have decided to make my journey successful,76 may events unfold as follows:77 43 Here I am, standing by the spring.78 When79 the young woman goes out to draw water, I’ll say, “Give me a little water to drink from your jug.” 44 Then she will reply to me, “Drink, and I’ll draw water for your camels too.” May that woman be the one whom the Lord has chosen for my master’s son.’

45 “Before I finished praying in my heart,80 along came Rebekah81 with her water jug on her shoulder! She went down to the spring and drew water. So I said to her, ‘Please give me a drink.’ 46 She quickly lowered her jug from her shoulder and said, ‘Drink, and I’ll give your camels water too.’ So I drank, and she also gave the camels water. 47 Then I asked her, ‘Whose daughter are you?’ She replied, ‘The daughter of Bethuel the son of Nahor, whom Milcah bore to Nahor.’82 I put the ring in her nose and the bracelets on her wrists. 48 Then I bowed down and worshiped the Lord. I praised the Lord, the God of my master Abraham, who had led me on the right path to find the granddaughter83 of my master’s brother for his son. 49 Now, if you will show faithful love to my master, tell me. But if not, tell me as well, so that I may go on my way.”84

50 Then Laban and Bethuel replied, “This is the Lord’s doing.85 Our wishes are of no concern.86 51 Rebekah stands here before you. Take her and go so that she may become87 the wife of your master’s son, just as the Lord has decided.”88

52 When Abraham’s servant heard their words, he bowed down to the ground before the Lord. 53 Then he89 brought out gold, silver jewelry, and clothing and gave them to Rebekah. He also gave valuable gifts to her brother and to her mother. 54 After this, he and the men who were with him ate a meal and stayed there overnight.90

When they got up in the morning, he said, “Let me leave now so I can return to my master.”91 55 But Rebekah’s92 brother and her mother replied, “Let the girl stay with us a few more days, perhaps ten. Then she can go.” 56 But he said to them, “Don’t detain me – the Lord93 has granted me success on my journey. Let me leave now so I may return94 to my master.” 57 Then they said, “We’ll call the girl and find out what she wants to do.”95 58 So they called Rebekah and asked her, “Do you want96 to go with this man?” She replied, “I want to go.”

59 So they sent their sister Rebekah on her way, accompanied by her female attendant, with Abraham’s servant and his men. 60 They blessed Rebekah with these words:97

“Our sister, may you become the mother98 of thousands of ten thousands!

May your descendants possess the strongholds99 of their enemies.”

61 Then Rebekah and her female servants mounted the camels and rode away with100 the man. So Abraham’s servant101 took Rebekah and left.

62 Now102 Isaac came from103 Beer Lahai Roi,104 for105 he was living in the Negev.106 63 He107 went out to relax108 in the field in the early evening.109 Then he looked up110 and saw that111 there were camels approaching. 64 Rebekah looked up112 and saw Isaac. She got down from her camel 65 and asked113 Abraham’s servant,114 “Who is that man walking in the field toward us?” “That is my master,” the servant replied.115 So she took her veil and covered herself.

66 The servant told Isaac everything that had happened. 67 Then Isaac brought Rebekah116 into his mother Sarah’s tent. He took her117 as his wife and loved her.118 So Isaac was comforted after his mother’s death.119

124:1tn Heb “days.” 224:1tn Heb “Abraham.” The proper name has been replaced in the translation by the pronoun (“he”) for stylistic reasons. 324:2tn The Hebrew term זָקֵן (zaqen) may refer to the servant who is oldest in age or senior in authority (or both). 424:2sn Put your hand under my thigh. The taking of this oath had to do with the sanctity of the family and the continuation of the family line. See D. R. Freedman, “Put Your Hand Under My Thigh – the Patriarchal Oath,” BAR 2 (1976): 2-4, 42. 524:3tn Following the imperative, the cohortative with the prefixed conjunction indicates purpose. 624:3tn Heb “because you must not take.” 724:4tn Heb “for to my country and my relatives you must go.” 824:4tn Heb “and take.” 924:5tn Heb “to go after me.” 1024:5tn In the Hebrew text the construction is emphatic; the infinitive absolute precedes the imperfect. However, it is difficult to reflect this emphasis in an English translation. 1124:6tn Heb “guard yourself.” 1224:6tn The introductory clause “And Abraham said to him” has been moved to the end of the opening sentence of direct discourse in the translation for stylistic reasons. 1324:7tn Or “the land of my birth.” 1424:7tn Heb “and who spoke to me and who swore to me, saying.” 1524:7tn Or “his messenger.” 1624:7tn Heb “before you and you will take.” 1724:8tn Heb “ to go after you.” 1824:8sn You will be free. If the prospective bride was not willing to accompany the servant back to Canaan, the servant would be released from his oath to Abraham. 1924:9tn Heb “and he swore to him concerning this matter.” 2024:10tn Heb “and every good thing of his master was in his hand.” The disjunctive clause is circumstantial, explaining that he took all kinds of gifts to be used at his discretion. 2124:10tn Heb “and he arose and went.” 2224:10tn The words “the region of” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for clarity.sn Aram Naharaim means in Hebrew “Aram of the Two Rivers,” a region in northern Mesopotamia. 2324:11tn Heb “well of water.” 2424:11tn Heb “at the time of evening.” 2524:12tn Heb “make it happen before me today.” Although a number of English translations understand this as a request for success in the task (cf. NASB, NIV, NRSV) it is more likely that the servant is requesting an omen or sign from God (v. 14). 2624:12tn Heb “act in loyal love with” or “show kindness to.” 2724:13tn Heb “the spring of water.” 2824:13tn Heb “the men.” 2924:14sn I will also give your camels water. It would be an enormous test for a young woman to water ten camels. The idea is that such a woman would not only be industrious but hospitable and generous. 3024:14tn Heb “And let the young woman to whom I say, ‘Lower your jar that I may drink,’ and she says, ‘Drink and I will also give your camels water,’ – her you have appointed for your servant, for Isaac, and by it I will know that you have acted in faithfulness with my master.” 3124:15tn Heb “Look, Rebekah was coming out!” Using the participle introduced with הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”), the narrator dramatically transports the audience back into the event and invites them to see Rebekah through the servant’s eyes. 3224:15tn Heb “Look, Rebekah was coming out – [she] who was born to Bethuel, the son of Milcah, the wife of Nahor, the brother of Abraham – and her jug [was] on her shoulder.” The order of the clauses has been rearranged in the translation for stylistic reasons. 3324:16tn Heb “And the young woman was very good of appearance, a virgin, and a man she had not known.” Some argue that the Hebrew noun translated “virgin” (בְּתוּלָה, bÿtulah) is better understood in a general sense, “young woman” (see Joel 1:8, where the word appears to refer to one who is married). In this case the circumstantial clause (“and a man she had not known”) would be restrictive, rather than descriptive. If the term actually means “virgin,” one wonders why the circumstantial clause is necessary (see Judg 21:12 as well). Perhaps the repetition emphasizes her sexual purity as a prerequisite for her role as the mother of the covenant community. 3424:17tn Heb “and the servant.” The word “Abraham’s” has been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons. 3524:18tn Heb “and she hurried and lowered.” 3624:19tn Heb “when she had finished giving him a drink.” This has been simplified in the translation for stylistic reasons. 3724:20tn Heb “and she hurried and emptied.” 3824:21tn Heb “to know.” 3924:21tn The Hebrew term צָלָה (tsalah), meaning “to make successful” in the Hiphil verbal stem, is a key term in the story (see vv. 40, 42, 56). 4024:22sn A beka weighed about 5-6 grams (0.2 ounce). 4124:22sn A shekel weighed about 11.5 grams (0.4 ounce) although weights varied locally, so these bracelets weighed about 4 ounces (115 grams). 4224:22tn The words “and gave them to her” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied. 4324:23tn Heb “and he said, ‘Whose daughter are you?’” The order of the introductory clause has been rearranged in the translation for stylistic reasons. 4424:24tn Heb “whom she bore to Nahor.” The referent (Milcah) has been specified in the translation for clarity. 4524:25tn Heb “and she said, ‘We have plenty of both straw and feed.’” The order of the introductory clause has been rearranged in the translation for stylistic reasons. 4624:25tn Heb The words “for you” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied. 4724:27tn Heb “his faithfulness and his commitment.” 4824:27tn Heb “As for me – in the way the Lord led me.” 4924:27tn Here “house” is an adverbial accusative of termination. 5024:27tn Heb “brothers.” 5124:28tn Heb “according to.” 5224:29tn The parenthetical disjunctive clause introduces the audience to Laban, who will eventually play an important role in the unfolding story. 5324:30tn Heb “And it was when he saw the nose ring and the bracelets on the arms of his sister.” The word order is altered in the translation for the sake of clarity. 5424:30tn Heb “and when he heard the words of Rebekah his sister, saying.” 5524:30tn Heb “and look, he was standing.” The disjunctive clause with the participle following the particle הִנֵּה (hinneh) invites the audience to view the scene through Laban’s eyes. 5624:31tn Heb “and he said.” The referent (Laban) has been specified and the words “to him” supplied in the translation for clarity. 5724:31sn Laban’s obsession with wealth is apparent; to him it represents how one is blessed by the Lord. Already the author is laying the foundation for subsequent events in the narrative, where Laban’s greed becomes his dominant characteristic. 5824:31tn The disjunctive clause is circumstantial. 5924:32tn Heb “the man”; the referent (Abraham’s servant) has been specified in the translation for clarity. 6024:32tn Some translations (e.g., NEB, NASB, NRSV) understand Laban to be the subject of this and the following verbs or take the subject of this and the following verbs as indefinite (referring to an unnamed servant; e.g., NAB, NIV). 6124:32tn Heb “and [one] gave.” The verb without an expressed subject may be translated as passive. 6224:32tn Heb “and water to wash his feet and the feet of the men who were with him.” 6324:33tn Heb “and food was placed before him.” 6424:33tn Heb “my words.” 6524:33tc Some ancient textual witnesses have a plural verb, “and they said.”tn Heb “and he said, ‘Speak.’” The referent (Laban) has been specified in the translation for clarity. 6624:35tn Heb “great.” In this context the statement refers primarily to Abraham’s material wealth, although reputation and influence are not excluded. 6724:35tn Heb “and he.” The referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity. 6824:36tn Heb “to my master.” This has been replaced by the pronoun “him” in the translation for stylistic reasons. 6924:36tn Heb “after her old age.” 7024:36tn Heb “and he.” The referent (the servant’s master, Abraham) has been specified in the translation for clarity. 7124:38tn Heb “but to the house of my father you must go and to my family and you must take a wife for my son.” 7224:39tn The imperfect is used here in a modal sense to indicate desire. 7324:39tn Heb “after me.” 7424:40tn The verb is the Hitpael of הָלַךְ (halakh), meaning “live one’s life” (see Gen 17:1). The statement may simply refer to serving the Lord or it may have a more positive moral connotation (“serve faithfully”). 7524:41tn Heb “my oath” (twice in this verse). From the Hebrew perspective the oath belonged to the person to whom it was sworn (Abraham), although in contemporary English an oath is typically viewed as belonging to the person who swears it (the servant). 7624:42tn Heb “if you are making successful my way on which I am going.” 7724:42tn The words “may events unfold as follows” are supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons. 7824:43tn Heb “the spring of water.” 7924:43tn Heb “and it will be.” 8024:45tn Heb “As for me, before I finished speaking to my heart.” The adverb טֶרֶם (terem) indicates the verb is a preterite; the infinitive that follows is the direct object. 8124:45tn Heb “Look, Rebekah was coming out.” As in 24:15, the particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”) is used here for dramatic effect. 8224:47tn Heb “whom Milcah bore to him.” The referent (Nahor) has been specified in the translation for clarity. 8324:48tn Heb “daughter.” Rebekah was actually the granddaughter of Nahor, Abraham’s brother. One can either translate the Hebrew term בַּת (bat) as “daughter,” in which case the term אָח (’akh) must be translated more generally as “relative” rather than “brother” (cf. NASB, NRSV) or one can translate בַּת as “granddaughter,” in which case אָח may be translated “brother” (cf. NIV). 8424:49tn Heb “and I will turn to the right or to the left.” The expression apparently means that Abraham’s servant will know where he should go if there is no further business here. 8524:50tn Heb “From the Lord the matter has gone out.” 8624:50tn Heb “We are not able to speak to you bad or good.” This means that Laban and Bethuel could not say one way or the other what they wanted, for they viewed it as God’s will. 8724:51tn Following the imperatives, the jussive with the prefixed conjunction indicates purpose or result. 8824:51tn Heb “as the Lord has spoken.” 8924:53tn Heb “the servant”; the noun has been replaced by the pronoun (“he”) in the translation for stylistic reasons. 9024:54tn Heb “And they ate and drank, he and the men who [were] with him and they spent the night.” 9124:54tn Heb “Send me away to my master.” 9224:55tn Heb “her”; the referent (Rebekah) has been specified in the translation for clarity. 9324:56tn The disjunctive clause is circumstantial, indicating a reason for the preceding request. 9424:56tn After the preceding imperative, the cohortative with the prefixed conjunction indicates purpose or result. 9524:57tn Heb “and we will ask her mouth.” 9624:58tn The imperfect verbal form here has a modal nuance, expressing desire. 9724:60tn Heb “and said to her.” 9824:60tn Heb “become thousands of ten thousands.”sn May you become the mother of thousands of ten thousands. The blessing expresses their prayer that she produce children and start a family line that will greatly increase (cf. Gen 17:16). 9924:60tn Heb “gate,” which here stands for a walled city. In an ancient Near Eastern city the gate complex was the main area of defense (hence the translation “stronghold”). A similar phrase occurs in Gen 22:17. 10024:61tn Heb “And she arose, Rebekah and her female servants, and they rode upon camels and went after.” 10124:61tn Heb “the servant”; the word “Abraham’s” has been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons. 10224:62tn The disjunctive clause switches the audience’s attention to Isaac and signals a new episode in the story. 10324:62tn Heb “from the way of.” 10424:62sn The Hebrew name Beer Lahai Roi (בְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִי, bÿ’er lakhay ro’i) means “The well of the Living One who sees me.” See Gen 16:14. 10524:62tn This disjunctive clause is explanatory. 10624:62tn Or “the South [country].”sn Negev is the name for the southern desert region in the land of Canaan. 10724:63tn Heb “Isaac”; the proper name has been replaced by the pronoun (“he”) in the translation for stylistic reasons. 10824:63tn The meaning of this Hebrew term is uncertain (cf. NASB, NIV “to meditate”; NRSV “to walk”). 10924:63tn Heb “at the turning of the evening.” 11024:63tn Heb “And he lifted up his eyes.” This idiom emphasizes the careful look Isaac had at the approaching caravan. 11124:63tn Heb “and look.” The clause introduced by the particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”) invites the audience to view the scene through Isaac’s eyes. 11224:64tn Heb “lifted up her eyes.” 11324:65tn Heb “and she said to.” 11424:65tn Heb “the servant.” The word “Abraham’s” has been supplied in the translation for clarity. 11524:65tn Heb “and the servant said.” The order of the introductory clause and the direct discourse has been rearranged in the translation for stylistic reasons. 11624:67tn Heb “her”; the referent has been specified here in the translation for clarity. 11724:67tn Heb “Rebekah”; here the proper name was replaced by the pronoun (“her”) in the translation for stylistic reasons. 11824:67tn Heb “and he took Rebekah and she became his wife and he loved her.” 11924:67tn Heb “after his mother.” This must refer to Sarah’s death.